Quick release telescoping and swiveling hitch assembly

ABSTRACT

A quick release assembly for remotely actuating operative disconnection between vehicles by decoupling a hitch assembly having a telescopic and swiveling probe assembly carried in a housing assembly and mounted on the towed vehicle. In one embodiment, the release assembly includes an actuator remotely controlled from the towing vehicle that releases the components retaining the probe assembly in the housing. In another embodiment, an actuator remotely controlled from the towing vehicle decouples the entire hitch assembly from the associated vehicle. In both instances, the towing vehicle may resume movement clear of the towing vehicle. Thereafter, the probe assembly and/or the hitch assembly may be recoupled for subsequent use.

RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.60/597,559 filed on Dec. 9, 2005.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to apparatus for releasablyinterconnecting a towing vehicle with a towed vehicle and, inparticular, a remotely controlled system for releasing a telescoping andswiveling hitch assembly from hitched vehicles.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In my co-pending application U.S. Ser. No. 10/908,514 filed May 16, 2005there is disclosed telescoping and swiveling hitch assembly forinterconnecting towing and towed vehicles. This application is herebyincorporated by reference. The hitch assembly may be mounted on eitherthe towed or towing vehicle and allows remote releasable couplingbetween proximately located vehicle using a telescoping and pivotingprobe assembly.

The hitch assembly is particularly suitable for heavy vehicleapplications that may be readily deployed for final coupling by roughrelative positioning of the vehicles. The hitch assembly comprises onlytwo unitized subassemblies, a housing assembly and a tow bar or probeassembly. Under certain circumstances, the towed vehicle may becomeabruptly disabled, requiring immediate decoupling to enable the towingvehicle to resume operation or go to other situations.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a quick release hitch for decoupling thehitch assembly from the vehicles. In one aspect, a system is providedfor decoupling the probe assembly from the housing to allow separationof the vehicles. In another aspect, the hitch assembly is decoupled fromits vehicle. For probe assembly separation, an actuator remotelycontrolled from the towing vehicle releases the components retaining theprobe assembly in the housing. For hitch assembly separation, anactuator remotely controlled from the towing vehicle decouples theentire hitch assembly from the associated vehicle. In both instances,the towing vehicle may resume movement clear of the towing vehicle.Thereafter, the probe assembly and/or the hitch assembly may berecoupled for subsequent use.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other features of the invention will become apparent uponreading the following description, taken in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a side view of quick release telescoping and swiveling hitchassembly coupled between a towing vehicle and a towed vehicle;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the hitch assembly of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view showing the housing assembly and theprobe assembly in the locked coupled condition; and

FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of the housing assembly and the probeassembly in the unlocked decoupled condition.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a quick release telescoping and swiveling hitchassembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the hitch assembly of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a cross sectional view taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 9 is a view taken along line 9-9 in FIG. 6 showing the lock wheelin the locked position;

FIG. 10 is a view of the lock wheel of FIG. 9 in the unlocked position;and

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the control system for the quick releaseassembly.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Referring to FIGS. 1 through 5, the present invention provides atelescoping and swiveling hitch assembly 10 for interconnecting a towingvehicle or truck with a towed vehicle or trailer that is provided with aquick release assembly 16 for decoupling the vehicles from a remotelocation.

The hitch assembly 10 as shown is carried on the towing vehicle andconnected to the towed vehicle. The hitch assembly may also be carriedon the towed vehicle and connected to the towing vehicle as described ingreater detail in the above referenced patent application and referencethereto should be made for further details. The hitch assemblies of thepresent type are particularly adapted for heavy-duty vehicles, such asmilitary transport systems. The hitch assembly may be combined withconventional coupling configurations, such a ball and socket or ball andlunette couplings, for accommodating relative articulating movementbetween the vehicles. The hitch assembly 10 may be integrated in variousways with the desired vehicle, for example by mechanical or weldedattachment at the rear.

The hitch assembly 10 comprises two subassemblies: a housing assembly 20and a telescoping and swiveling tow bar or probe assembly 22.

The housing assembly 20 includes a lock assembly 24 having a rearwardlyextending coupling arm 26 formed of rectangular tube. The coupling arm26 is telescopically removably coupled with a hitch box, not shown onthe towing vehicle by pin 29 inserted through transverse hole in thecoupling arm. The hitch box is preferably a rectangular socket-typecoupled commonly referred to a “Reese” hitch. The probe assembly 22 isprovided with a ball member 30 for coupling with a conventional hitch onthe towed vehicle. As such, no further modification to the vehicle isnecessary. It will, however, be apparent that the hitch may be mountedby other conventional methods to the selected vehicle.

The lock assembly 24 in the unlatched condition provides the probeassembly 22 with free horizontal and pivotal movement, which incombination with the pivoting of the trailer tongue on the towed vehiclepermits the ready and safe coupling therebetween.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the housing assembly 20 comprises arectangular center guide block 34, a rectangular top cover plate 36 anda rectangular bottom cover plate 38. Preferably, the plates areperipherally welded to the guide block to provide a unitized assembly. Atop reinforcing plate is welded to the top cover plate at the forwardend thereof. A bottom reinforcing plate is welded to the bottom coverplate at the forward end thereof.

The guide block 34 comprises unitary body having a base and forwardlyextending laterally spaced arms. The inner surfaces of the base and thearms provide a generally U-shaped forwardly opening slot forming acavity 40 in assembly. The cavity is defined by a continuous inner wallcomprising a U-shaped, forwardly opening parabolic base wall andlaterally spaced center walls. The arms frontally terminate with a pairof laterally spaced, apex opposed triangular collars 46, and 48. Collar48 is removable in the disconnect condition described below. The innertips of the triangular collars establish a constricted frontal throat.The collars have outwardly diverging planar front guide surfaces andrear guide surfaces. The front guide surfaces form, in assembly, aforwardly opening wedge shaped, tapered socket. Vertical through holes49 are drilled through the housing assembly 20 and the stop collar 48.

The probe assembly 22 comprises an elongated tow bar 50 welded at anouter end to a face plate that is connected to a hitch eyelet. The hitcheyelet terminates with a horizontally projecting arm 52 having anaperture 54 for receiving the shank for the ball member 30. The tow bar50 includes straight rectangular center section narrower in width thanthe throat in the guide block having an enlarged circular tail section56 at the rear end and an enlarged generally triangular head section 58at the front end. When the tow bar 50 is in the fully retractedposition, the tail section 56 engages the base wall of the guide blockand nests thereat. When the tow bar is in the fully extended position,the tail section 56 engages the rear guide surfaces of the collars 46,48 to establish a load bearing pivotal connection with the housingassembly as described in the referenced patent application.

The head section 58 includes rearwardly inwardly inclined sidewallsforming a tapered wedge adapted to nest with the front guide walls inthe guide block socket to center the probe assembly at the retractedposition. A through hole 59 is formed in the base for permittingmovement of the lock assembly between locked and unlocked positions,between positions, as described below.

The lock assembly 24 includes a vertical lock block 60 attached to thetop plate 36 and connected to the coupling arm 26 at an upper end. Thelock block 60 has a vertical bore aligned with aperture 59 in the towbar and corresponding apertures in the plates 36, 38. A cylindrical lockpin or bolt 62 is slidably supported in the bore. The lock bolt includesa reduced diameter shaft 63 at an upper end. A transverse actuatinghandle 64 is attached the upper end of the shaft 63. A compressionspring is carried on the shaft and compressively retained between thelock bolt and a retaining cap at the upper end of the lock block.Accordingly, the lock bolt 62 is compressively biased to the lockedposition shown in FIG. 3 wherein the lock bolt passes through the hole59 in the tow arm 50. The handle is raised against the biasing of thespring to an unlocked position whereat the probe assembly may beextended. Thereafter, the lock bolt 62 rides against the top surface ofthe tow bar 50 until aligned with the tow bar aperture for automaticself biasing to the locked position.

In operation, the towing vehicle is backed proximate the hitch of thetowed vehicle. The actuating handle is raised to the unlocked positionand the tow bar 50 manually extended, and aligned with and coupled in aconventional manner with the towed vehicle. Thereafter if a considerablemisalignment between the vehicles exists, the towing vehicle may bemoved forwardly to longitudinally align the tow bar at the pivotalconnection between the collars 46, 48 and the tail section 56. Then thevehicle is reversed causing the tow bar tail 56 to engage the rearwardlyconverging surfaces of the base wall for further alignment and the headto nest in the front housing socket thereby achieving an alignedposition whereat the lock assembly 24 shift to the locked condition.

In situations wherein it is necessary to establish a quick disconnectbetween the vehicles, the quick release assembly 16 remotely enablesoperative separation of the vehicles at the hitch assembly. The releaseassembly 16 comprises a latching plate 70 that is moved between alatched condition and an unlatched condition by a linear actuator 72mounted on the housing assembly. The latching plate 70 includes a pairof lock pins 74 that extend through the apertures in the removablecollar 48 in the latched condition and are removed therefrom in theunlatched condition. The lock block includes a vertical slot 76. Anactuating tab 80 extends through the slot 76 and is attached at an innerend to the shaft on the lock bolt. The outer end of the tab 80 overliesthe inner end of the latching plate 70. Accordingly the lock assemblymay operate independent of the release assembly for coupling anddecoupling the vehicles as described above.

The linear actuator 72 includes a motor 82 having an output shaft withan actuating screw 84 coupled to a drive nut 86 attached to the latchingplate. The motor 82 is actuated by a two position switch 88 preferablylocated in the towing vehicle.

In operation wherein it is desired to uncouple remotely the towingvehicle from the towed vehicle, the operator closes the switch 88thereby moving the latching plate 70 and accordingly the lock pins 74upwardly from the removable collar 48, and engaging the tab 80 to movethe lock pin 62 from the probe assembly. Thereafter forward movement ofthe towing vehicle withdraws the probe assembly 22 and the removablecollar 48 from the housing separating the operative connection betweenthe vehicles.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 6 through 10.Therein, rather than separating the components of the hitch assembly,the hitch assembly itself is decoupled from the associated vehicle andis particularly suited for larger commercial and military applications.Referring to in FIGS. 6-8, the hitch assembly 100 is releasably carriedon a quick release assembly 102, which in turn, is mounted on the tongue106 of the trailing vehicle.

The probe assembly 108 of the hitch assembly 100 is provided with a ballmember 110 for coupling with a corresponding hitch component 112 on thetowing vehicle. As in the first embodiment, the hitch assembly andrelease assembly may be carried on the towing vehicle.

The hitch assembly 100 comprises a housing assembly 114 and the probeassembly 108 as described above and provided with a latching handle 116for raising a lock pin 118 to unlatch the probe assembly for telescopicand swiveling movement for hitching with the towing vehicle.

The coupling assembly 102 comprises a base assembly 120 horizontallyslidably supporting the hitch assembly 100 and a rotating couplingassembly 122 for latching the hitch assembly on the base assembly in alocked position and unlatching the hitch assembly in an unlockedposition.

The base assembly 120 includes a base plate 130 having a pair oflaterally spaced side plates 132. The inner surfaces of the side plates132 are spaced to have a sliding fit with the side of the housing 114. Apair of slide rails 134 are attached to the upper surface of the baseplate 130 and have an upper surface slidably engaging the bottom surfaceof the housing assembly. A pair of inwardly extending brackets 136 arelongitudinally spaced on the top of the side plates 132 and have lowersurfaces slidably engaging the upper surface of the housing. Accordinglythe base assembly provides a horizontal slot supporting the hitchassembly for telescopic forward and outward movement when the releaseassembly is actuated as described below.

The quick release assembly includes a rotatable assembly 140 forselectively locking and releasing the housing. The assembly 140 includesa rear bracket 142 attached at the rear of the housing carrying atransverse lock pin 144, which is captured and released by rotatablelock wheel 146 bidirectionally rotated by actuator assemblies carried onthe side plate. Each actuator assembly comprises a sprocket 152 having ashaft to which the lock wheel 146 is attached, and a pair of linearactuators 154, 156 mounted on the side plates and having output pistonsconnected to the ends of a drive belt or chain 162 operatively connectedwith the sprocket 152. The actuators 154, 156 are operated in phaseopposition for bidirectionally rotating the lock wheels between acoupled locked position shown in FIG. 9 and a decoupled unlockedposition shown in FIG. 10. The lock wheels 146 comprise circular discs,each having a radially outwardly opening slot 164 with a semicircularbase for receiving the lock pin 142. In the coupled position of FIG. 9,the slot 164 is positioned upwardly whereby the sides of the slotrestrain the housing from horizontal movement. As the actuator assemblyis actuated, the pistons extend and retract to rotate the lock wheel toa position whereat the slot 146 is horizontally frontally opening andthe housing assembly is free to move forwardly in the support slot fordecoupling from the trailing vehicle. Preferably, the rotation is about900 as illustrated.

Referring to FIG. 10, the control system 180 for the coupling assemblyis disposed in the towing vehicle for use by the operator to achieveremotely hitch decoupling. The control system 180 includes a valve 182in the vehicle cab 183 having an inlet connected to the vehicle airsupply 184, if pneumatic actuators are used, or the electrical system ifelectromechanical actuators are used. The valve 182 has one outletconnected in parallel with the lower actuators by branch line 186 andanother outlet connected in parallel with the upper actuators by branchline 188. For locking the release assembly with the hitch assembled inthe coupling position, the lower actuators are actuated by the valve andthe upper actuators vented whereby the lock wheels are rotated from theunlocked position of FIG. 9 to the locked position of FIG. 10. When itis desired to decouple the hitch, the valve 182 is moved to the oppositeposition whereby the lock wheels 146 are rotated from the lockedposition to the unlocked position allowing the lock pin to moveforwardly in the lock wheel slot 164 and the hitch assembly 100 toseparate upon forward movement of the towing vehicle. Thereafter, thehitch assembly may be recoupled for subsequent use.

Having thus described a presently preferred embodiment of the presentinvention, it will now be appreciated that the objects of the inventionhave been fully achieved, and it will be understood by those skilled inthe art that many changes in construction and widely differingembodiments and applications of the invention will suggest themselveswithout departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.The disclosures and description herein are intended to be illustrativeand are not in any sense limiting of the invention, which is definedsolely in accordance with the following claims.

1. In combination with a towing vehicle, a towed vehicle and a hitchassembly mounted on the towed vehicle having a housing assemblysupporting a probe assembly for telescoping and pivotal movement from aretracted position to an extended position for establishing a couplingat a hitch connection wherein said probe assembly is retained at saidretracted position in a locked condition by a slidable vertical firstlock pin extending through aligned holes in the housing assembly and theprobe assembly and restricted at said extended position by a removablecollar, a release assembly for allowing separation of the probe assemblyfrom said housing assembly comprising: a latch plate on said housingassembly carrying a slidable vertical second lock pin parallel to thefirst lock pin and extending through aligned holes in the housingassembly and probe assembly for operatively connecting said collar tothe housing assembly in a locked condition, said latch plate operativelyengaging said first lock pin while permitting manual movement thereof toan unlocked condition; actuator means operatively connected to saidlatch plate for cojointly moving the first lock pin and said second lockpin from said locked condition to said unlocked condition; and controlmeans for said actuator means located on said towing vehicle for movinglatch plate and said lock pins from said locked condition to saidunlocked condition thereby permitting separation of said probe assemblyand said collar from said housing assembly upon separating movementbetween said vehicles.
 2. The release assembly as recited in claim 1wherein said actuator means includes an electric motor mounted on a sideof said housing assembly and having an output shaft having an actuatingscrew coupled to a drive nut on said latch plate.